AI-designed “intrabodies” could unlock new treatments for Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and MND
Researchers at the University of Essex have developed microscopic medicines that could pave the way for new approaches to treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and motor neurone disease (MND).
The University of Essex has developed microscopic medicines that could pave the way for new approaches to treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and motor neurone disease (MND). Researchers at the university have used artificial intelligence to create extremely small antibody fragments that can be produced directly inside human cells.
Ordinary antibodies generally function outside cells, but the newly redesigned fragments, called intrabodies, have instead been engineered to remain stable within cells, allowing them to target proteins involved in neurodegenerative conditions.
The research was funded by the MND Association and led by Dr. Caitlin O'Shea and Dr. Gareth Wright from the School of Life Sciences. The team discovered that electrical charge is a key factor in determining whether antibody fragments can remain stable and functional inside cells.
Using that insight together with AI-powered protein redesign, the researchers converted 672 different antibodies into intrabodies capable of targeting important disease-related proteins.
The advance could give scientists new ways to study and potentially treat neurodegenerative diseases by acting directly inside living cells, where many of the biological processes involved in these conditions begin.
Following publication of the research in Nature Communications, the redesigned molecules will be made freely available to other scientists.
The researchers believe the findings could allow scientists to find new uses for millions of antibodies developed during decades of biomedical research. Rather than starting entirely from scratch, existing antibodies may be adaptable for use as powerful laboratory tools and, potentially, as the foundation for future treatments aimed at disease-causing proteins.
Repurposing Millions of Existing Antibodies
The researchers believe the findings could allow scientists to find new uses for millions of antibodies developed during decades of biomedical research. Rather than starting entirely from scratch, existing antibodies may be adaptable for use as powerful laboratory tools and, potentially, as the foundation for future treatments aimed at disease-causing proteins.
New Therapeutic Possibilities for MND and Other Diseases
The MND Association welcomed the findings and highlighted their potential importance for future treatments. Chief Scientist at the charity, Dr. Brian Dickie, said: "Dr. Wright and his colleagues have made a significant advance in overcoming one of the key challenges that has impeded the development of antibodies as treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, such as MND.
"Their research findings provide optimism that a combination of this novel 'intrabody' science with emerging gene therapy techniques may lead to new therapeutic strategies that can hit specific molecular targets within neurones."
The redesigned molecules will be made freely available to other scientists following publication of the research in Nature Communications.
